2. Mayans: The Mayans were a Mesoamerican civilization that flourished in the Yucatán Peninsula and surrounding areas from the 2nd to the 10th centuries. The Mayans were known for their hieroglyphic writing, advanced mathematics, and impressive architecture, including the pyramids of Chichén Itzá and Tikal.
3. Incas: The Incas were an Andean civilization that flourished in the Andes Mountains of South America from the 13th to the 16th centuries. The Inca Empire was the largest empire in the pre-Columbian Americas. The Incas were known for their impressive engineering, including their road system, aqueducts, and agricultural terraces.
4. Toltecs: The Toltecs were a Mesoamerican civilization that flourished in central Mexico from the 10th to the 12th centuries. The Toltecs were known for their advanced culture, including their art, architecture, and metalworking. The Toltecs were also known for their military prowess and their role in the spread of Nahuatl culture throughout Mesoamerica.