The Aztecs adopted a well-organized tribute system from their predecessor, the Toltecs. Conquered territories were required to pay tribute regularly to the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan, in the form of valuable goods such as gold, silver, precious stones, cotton, corn, and other luxury items. This continuous influx of resources greatly enriched the Aztec state and sustained its power and influence.
2. Military Conquest and Expansion:
The Aztecs were skilled warriors and had a powerful army. They engaged in military campaigns to expand their territory and increase their tribute base. Under their emperors, notably Ahuizotl and Moctezuma II, the Aztec Empire reached its peak, dominating much of central and southern Mexico. Military victories ensured a constant flow of wealth, resources, and labor to the empire.
3. Efficient Governance and Administration:
The Aztecs established an effective system of governance. The empire was divided into territories administered by appointed governors responsible for collecting tribute, managing resources, and maintaining order. A bureaucracy of administrators, judges, and officials enforced laws, regulated trade, and ensured the smooth functioning of the state.
4. Agricultural Productivity and Economic Activities:
The Aztecs were skilled farmers who developed innovative agricultural techniques such as chinampas (raised fields) to increase crop yields. They grew maize (corn) as a staple crop, along with beans, squash, amaranth, and various other plants. Additionally, they engaged in trade, mining, and specialized crafts, fostering economic growth and further boosting the state's wealth.
5. Religious Dominance:
The Aztec religion played a crucial role in maintaining social cohesion and reinforcing the state's power. The emperor was seen as a semi-divine figure, and the intricate religious ceremonies and rituals strengthened the loyalty and obedience of the populace. The priesthood oversaw religious practices and rituals, but they also played political and economic roles, contributing to the overall stability and power of the empire.
