Forested Regions of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia

The Amazon Basin and Andean slopes create a mosaic of forest types across these three countries:

Ecuador

• Amazon Rainforest – Eastern lowlands (Oriente); highest biodiversity; Yasuní National Park.
• Chocó Rainforest – Northwest coastal; extremely wet (>8,000 mm/yr); high endemism.
• Andean Cloud Forest – 1,500–3,500 m; epiphyte-rich; spectacled bear, mountain tapir habitat.

Peru

• Amazon Rainforest – 60% of country (Loreto, Ucayali, Madre de Dios); Manu, Tambopata parks.
• Dry Forest – North coast (Tumbes, Piura); deciduous; algarrobo, ceibo; highly threatened.
• Andean Cloud Forest – East slopes; transition to puna grassland above treeline.

Bolivia

• Amazon Rainforest – North (Pando, Beni, N. La Paz); Madidi National Park (global biodiversity hotspot).
• Chiquitano Dry Forest – East (Santa Cruz); transition to Gran Chaco; unique deciduous flora.
• Andean Cloud Forest (Yungas) – Steep east slopes; coca, coffee, citrus cultivation; high endemism.

All three countries share threats: agricultural expansion (soy, cattle), logging, mining, oil/gas, roads, and climate-driven drought/fire. Indigenous territories often overlap with best-preserved forests.