Here are the key reasons behind the formation of the LTTE:
1. Historical and Cultural Grievances: Sri Lanka has a long history of ethnic tensions between the Sinhalese majority and the Tamil minority. The Tamils, who make up about 18% of the population, have faced discrimination and marginalization in various aspects of life, including education, employment, and political representation. They felt that their rights and cultural identity were not adequately respected or protected within the united Sri Lanka.
2. Language and Cultural Differences: The Sinhalese and Tamils have distinct languages and cultural traditions. The Sinhalese-dominated governments implemented policies that favored the Sinhalese language and culture, which marginalized the Tamil language and culture. The Tamils felt that their language and cultural heritage were under threat.
3. Anti-Tamil Discrimination: Tamils faced discrimination in various forms, including discriminatory laws, limited opportunities for education and employment, and violence from Sinhalese extremist groups. This systemic discrimination fueled resentment and separatist sentiments among the Tamils.
4. Civil War and Insurgency: In the early 1970s, a civil war broke out in Sri Lanka as various Tamil militant groups, including the LTTE, took up arms against the Sri Lankan government to fight for an independent Tamil state. The LTTE emerged as the dominant militant group, with the goal of achieving Tamil Eelam through armed struggle.
5. International Support: The LTTE gained significant support from the Tamil diaspora, particularly from Tamils living in countries such as India, Canada, and the United Kingdom. This support provided the LTTE with funding, weapons, and political backing, enabling them to sustain their fight against the Sri Lankan government.
6. Government Repression: The Sri Lankan government's response to the Tamil insurgency was often heavy-handed and oppressive, further alienating the Tamil community and fueling support for the LTTE. The government's use of force and human rights abuses against Tamils contributed to the escalation of the conflict.
It's important to note that the formation of the LTTE was a complex process influenced by various historical, cultural, political, and social factors. While the LTTE's armed struggle ultimately led to a prolonged civil war and severe human rights violations, its origins can be traced back to the grievances and aspirations of the Tamil community in Sri Lanka.