1. Mountains: Mountains are elevated landforms that rise above the surrounding landscape. They are formed by the collision of tectonic plates, volcanic activity, or the erosion of softer rock. Mountains can be individual peaks, ranges, or part of a larger mountain system.
2. Plateaus: Plateaus are large, flat-topped landforms that are elevated above the surrounding terrain. They are formed by the erosion of mountains, the uplift of the Earth's crust, or the deposition of sediment. Plateaus can be hundreds of kilometers wide and thousands of meters high.
3. Valleys: Valleys are low-lying areas between mountains or hills. They are formed by the erosion of water, ice, or wind. Valleys can be narrow or wide, deep or shallow, and they can run for many kilometers.