- Asia:
The Sulaiman Mountains are situated within the continent of Asia.
- Afghanistan and Pakistan:
The mountain range begins in southern-central Afghanistan, specifically in the provinces of Zabul and Paktika, extending along the Afghanistan-Pakistan border, and entering several provinces in Pakistan including Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Punjab.
- Near the Indo-Pakistan border:
They run roughly parallel to the course of the Indus River in Pakistan and continue in the southern direction until approaching the plains near the border and coastline with neighboring country India.
Important to note that there are other nearby mountain ranges like the Kirthar Mountains and Central Brahui Range situated close to the southern end of the Sulaiman Mountains, making up significant features of the geological framework of that region.