A cab ride of $20 or less gets you to the Old San Juan to walk along cobblestone streets, admire colonial architecture and explore the 16th-century El Morro fort, with its expansive Atlantic Ocean views. This is the best option if you have just a few hours to spare. If you have more time, the Bacardi Rum Factory is nearby.
To put your toes in the sand, head to Isla Verde Beach. It's a pleasant beach with watersports and access to hotel restaurants and facilities. Isla Verde is a five-minute taxi ride from the airport. Also a good option if you don't have a lot of spare time.
El Yunque Rain Forest is 30 miles northeast of the airport. If you want to visit, it's advisable to go through a tour company, because your time is limited. Several tour companies offer private, customized visits and walking tours for $60 to $90 per person. They will include transport to and from the airport and some include a meal or two. This is best for those with long layovers (five hours or more).
Pick up maps and guides at the tourist office in Terminal C before leaving the airport.
If the airline requires that you retrieve your checked luggage, which can happen if you have a long layover, use the luggage hold service near the American Airlines terminal. The cost is around $5 or less per bag.