Combine large clusters of dust and hydrogen gas to get the formation of stars. This base is the nebula of a star. A cloudy mixture that collapses in on itself due to gravity. As the cloud collapses it begins to swirl and move. Sometimes passing stars create a shock wave that makes the nebula do this quicker than without the shock wave. Without a shock wave the stars formation can take millions of years. As the gas filled dust cloud swirls after its collapse it begins to pull in more hydrogen gas from the atmosphere. This collision of atoms starts to heat the gas in the cloud. Nuclear fusion begins in the core once the temperature reaches 15,000,000 degrees Celsius.
As the nuclear fusion begins which is atoms fusing to form an element with larger atoms Helium is created. Now the gas begins to glow and form a protostar. Energy shots out around the cloud that creates the protostar and stops it from collapsing in on itself. A protostar will gain mass until it is stabilized. It will take this matter to create mass from the original nebula. Referred to as a main-sequence star this protostar will last millions to billions of years lighting up the night sky.
The formation of stars is created where molecular clouds or dense clouds of gas are located. Way out in the spiral arms of the galaxies surrounding earth and other planets is the birthplace for stars. Out in the atmosphere of several worlds are these giant clouds of gas that are constantly collapsing in on themselves. Stars are formed from this process of cloud swirls that pull in more gases to create nebulas that become the base for protostars.
All formation of stars start off with these earlier concepts. Once the protostar is formed it can last a long time and it will evolve. This process is not done just among one star at a time it is done singularly as well as in giant clusters. Young stars show an irregular pattern in the sky which shows that they are newly formed. These young stars are also surrounded by clouds of dust which the young stars pull into their swirling clouds. This turns into a radiation process as the matter falls onto the young stars or protostars. The protostar will take what it needs but it will also blow away much of the dust it does not need. This radiated dust can later form into planets. Young stars are often brighter to the eye in x-rays from telescopes. Middle aged stars like the sun are less bright.
After a star is formed it then grows or stabilizes. Once all the energy and mass are used up from the nebula or core of the star it will begin to die. This can take millions to billions of years depending on the stars core size. As the nebula decreases in mass the star will start to collapse in on itself again this will cause the outer core to release a new surge of energy power. Its color will change to a luminous red in the atmosphere of the star. This is the beginning of death for a star. These stars are often referred to as Red Giants and can last for millions of years. Once all the energy is used up from the red giant star it will puff out its last layer leaving the hot core exposed. This type of star is called the Wolf-Rayet star because of the astronomers who first noted this phenomenon. As this star burns off all its layers it will grow dim and collapse into itself over a billion years. Eventually this star will turn into a white dwarf star. The white dwarf star is dim in comparison to other stars through out the galaxies. This is the final burnt out collapsed state of a star. One day the earths sun because it is a star will go through the same complex process to eventually become a white dwarf star.
The formation of stars happens constantly in the universe. Using a telescope you can see various types of stars and even star formations. If you see a bright light with clouds swirling around it you can identify it as a young star. Dim stars are the final stages of life for a star where red stars are the beginnings of death for a star. This process can take billions of years.
