* Finland: Finland had been a Grand Duchy of the Russian Empire since 1809, but it declared independence in 1917 and was recognized as an independent country by the Russian government in 1918.
* Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania: These three countries had been part of the Russian Empire since the late 18th century, but they declared independence in 1918 and were recognized as independent countries by the Russian government in 1920.
* Western Armenia: This territory, which had been part of the Russian Empire since the early 19th century, was ceded to the Ottoman Empire by the Russian government in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. It would later become part of the Republic of Turkey.