Historical Invasions of England: From Romans to Napoleon

1. Roman Invasion (43 AD) – Claudius conquers Britannia.
2. Anglo-Saxon Settlements (5th–7th c.) – Angles, Saxons, Jutes.
3. Viking Raids & Danelaw (8th–11th c.) – Scandinavian incursions, settlement.
4. Norman Conquest (1066) – William the Conqueror defeats Harold at Hastings.
5. Hundred Years' War (1337–1453) – English soil saw French/English battles.
6. Wars of the Roses (1455–1485) – Civil war: York vs. Lancaster.
7. Spanish Armada (1588) – Failed invasion attempt by Philip II.
8. Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) – Invasion threatened, never executed.

Later: WWI (naval/air raids), WWII (Blitz, V-weapons). Each shaped English identity, law, language, and institutions.