|---|---|
| English | Germanic tribes (Angles, Saxons, Jutes) |
| Scottish Gaelic | Goidelic Celts |
| Welsh | Brythonic Celts |
| Cornish | Brythonic Celts |
| Breton | Brythonic Celts |
| Manx | Goidelic Celts |
| Norman French | Normans |
| Latin | Romans |
| Old Norse | Vikings |