If Virginia, Maryland, and West Virginia – the states bordering the District of Columbia – were to secede, the impact on Washington, DC would be catastrophic:
Border states contain ~10+ million people vs. DC's ~700,000. Mass outmigration would likely follow.
Billions in federal tax revenue from these states would vanish, crippling the federal budget and DC's local economy.
Loss of Congressional representation from three states would drastically reduce regional influence.
Loss of geographic buffer would expose DC directly to potential hostility from seceded territories.
Federal workforce commuting, supply chains, utilities, and infrastructure integration would collapse.
Conclusion: The border states are existentially vital to DC's viability as the national capital. This scenario underscores the constitutional design placing the capital in a distinct federal district, not a state.