What Dissolved Substances Are in Ocean Water?

Ocean water contains numerous dissolved substances:

• Sodium chloride (NaCl): ~85% of dissolved solids (common salt).
• Other major ions: Magnesium, calcium, potassium, sulfate, bicarbonate, carbonate.
• Trace elements: Copper, zinc, lead, mercury, gold, and many others in minute quantities.

Concentrations vary by location and depth.