Wanderlust World Wanderlust World Each trainset for the Channel Tunnel consists of two Class 92 electric locomotives, hauling 18 specialised double-deck train carriages or "shuttles". The train carriages for passenger service are called "Passenger Shuttle" (PS), and those for car transport "Vehicle Shuttle" (VS), "High Vehicle" (HV), and "Exceptional Vehicle" (EV). When the train crosses into the tunnel there is a changeover of electricity supply, using a dual-voltage system. Trains are equipped with both 25 kV AC and 1.5 kV DC.
Eurotunnel Train Control System (ETCS)
ETCS Level 2 is in use on the Channel Tunnel. With in-cab signalling using a moving-block system, trains have greater leeway to run more closely to one another, increasing capacity. When a train enters a section, the ETCS trackside equipment transmits instructions that allow the train to run with a maximum speed until the next section.
The system is computerised with extensive diagnostics capabilities.
Maintenance
Extensive routine maintenance is carried out when trains are stopped at terminals during embarking and disembarking. Major checks are carried out daily at Dollands Moor near Folkestone, England, for the UK-based rolling stock, and at Frethun, France, for the French-based stock.
Tunnel Maintenance
The operator carries out tunnel maintenance in various ways, including:
- Service Tunnels
Two smaller rail tunnels flank either side of the main tunnels, and are used by a variety of vehicles including the Tunnel Inspection Vehicle (TIV) and the Rail Traction and Maintenance Train (RTMT). The TIV is used to inspect the main tunnels, detect irregularities on the track, monitor overhead electrical equipment, and measure temperatures and humidity. The RTMT is used for track and contact wire maintenance.
- Drainage and Ventilation
To maintain dry tunnel atmosphere, large diameter boreholes have been sunk at certain intervals along the route to allow gravity drainage of the drainage galleries which run underneath the main running tunnels. There are 24 main pumping stations with submersible pumps, that are designed to work as a back up to the gravity drainage system as well as for maintaining the required water levels at the low points in the tunnel.
For ventilation, air-intakes are located at the portal at Cheriton, Shakespeare Cliff and Sangatte, and air exhausting shafts at Folkestone, Guston and Frethun. This fresh air is then warmed and pumped, in a controlled direction, through ducts at the side of the running tunnels to the service tunnel.
- Fire Fighting and Emergency Equipment
The Eurotunnel fire-fighting service can deliver 250 litres (55 imp gal) of water per second through an 8 km network of water pipes which are installed beneath the main tunnels. They are supported by a network of 12 emergency cross-passages between the running tunnels and the service tunnel every 375 metres (1,230 ft), 19 cross-passages between the service tunnel and the safety galleries every 1 km (0.62 mi), and 26 emergency stop locations where trains can stop and be evacuated via secure and sealed doors on the passenger decks of the shuttle carriages into a safe area in the service tunnel. For emergency escape, there is one evacuation point every 15 m (49 ft) within the service tunnel, and also, at regular intervals, there is a door through which passengers can reach a safe area in the running tunnel. These locations are fitted with facilities for communications and first aid.