Examples of horizontal integration in Pakistan?

Horizontal integration occurs when firms at the same stage of the production process merge or combine. Here are a few examples of horizontal integration in Pakistan:

1.Banking Sector: MCB Bank merged with NIB Bank Ltd. and acquired majority stakes in Bank Alfalah Ltd.

2.FMCG: Lever Brothers and United Industries merged leading to Unilever

3.Pharmaceuticals: Getz Pharma Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd merged with Abbott

4.Cement Industry: Cherat Cement acquired Askari Cement Limited.

5.Oil & Gas Companies: Oil and Gas Development Company acquired Attock Petroleum.