Luxembourg: A Small, Wealthy Nation in Western Europe Bordering Belgium, Germany, and France

Luxembourg is a landlocked grand duchy in Western Europe, bordered by Belgium (west/north), Germany (east), and France (south). At ~2,586 km² and ~660,000 people, it's one of Europe's smallest yet most densely populated countries.

Its capital, Luxembourg City, is a UNESCO World Heritage site famed for its fortified old town. The economy thrives on banking, steel, and EU institutions. Luxembourg is a founding member of the EU, NATO, UN, and OECD, with one of the world's highest GDP per capita.