What made sri lankan Tamils feel alienated?

The alienation of Sri Lankan Tamils is attributed to a complex array of historical, social, economic, and political factors that persisted over several decades. Notable issues that contributed to this sentiment of marginalization included:

1. Language Policies: The establishment of Sinhala as the sole official language in 1956 through the "Sinhala Only Act" marginalized the Tamil-speaking population. It reduced the status and usage of Tamil in education, government administration, and public life.

2. Discrimination: Tamils faced discrimination in various spheres, including education, employment, and political representation. The absence of equal opportunities created discontent and resentment among Tamils.

3. Centralization of Power: The political system in Sri Lanka was heavily centralized, with power concentrated in Colombo, the capital. Tamils felt excluded from decision-making processes and had limited autonomy in managing their own affairs.

4. Settlement of Sinhalese: Government policies encouraged the resettlement of Sinhalese in traditional Tamil areas, particularly in the North and East. This led to demographic changes that further marginalized the Tamil population.

5. State Violence and Human Rights Abuses: During the Sri Lankan Civil War (1983-2009), both the government forces and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) engaged in violent conflicts. Tamils faced human rights abuses, military operations, and civilian displacement, causing trauma and resentment.

6. Ethnic Riots: The country experienced several major ethnic riots, such as the 1956 and 1983 riots, in which Tamils were targeted and killed. These events further deepened the sense of insecurity and alienation.

7. Lack of Political Autonomy: Tamils advocated for greater political autonomy within Sri Lanka or even separate statehood. However, their demands were not adequately addressed or incorporated into the country's political system.

8. Economic Disparities: The Tamil-majority Northern and Eastern provinces generally experienced higher rates of poverty and underdevelopment compared to the rest of the country, exacerbating feelings of inequity and neglect.

Over the years, these cumulative factors contributed to a growing sense of alienation among Sri Lankan Tamils and fueled demands for greater recognition, rights, and protection of their cultural identity. The resolution of these issues remains crucial to achieving lasting reconciliation and unity within the nation.