When Did Tsar Alexander II Die?

Tsar Alexander II of Russia died on 13 March 1881 (1 March O.S.).

Circumstances

• Assassinated in St. Petersburg by Ignacy Hryniewiecki, a member of the revolutionary group Narodnaya Volya (People's Will).
• A bomb was thrown at his carriage; he survived the first blast but was mortally wounded by a second bomb thrown at his feet as he inspected the damage.
• Died hours later in the Winter Palace.

Context

• Known as the "Tsar Liberator" for emancipating the serfs (1861).
• Survived multiple prior assassination attempts (1866, 1879, 1880).
• His death triggered a reactionary turn under Alexander III, halting reforms and intensifying repression.