Yes—Athens was a culture of conversation. The clearest proof is Socrates (470–399 BCE), who spent his days in the agora (marketplace) and gymnasia engaging strangers in philosophical dialogue. That he could do so freely—and attract followers—shows Athenians valued public discourse.
Further evidence:
Athens didn't just tolerate talk—it institutionalized it. Free inquiry was a civic virtue, making the city the "school of Hellas" (Pericles). Socrates was its most famous student—and ultimately its martyr.