What are the inputs and outputs of drainage basin hydrological cycle?

The drainage basin hydrological cycle refers to the continuous movement and transformation of water within a specific drainage basin. The main inputs and outputs of this cycle are:

Inputs:

1. Precipitation: This is the primary input to the hydrological cycle. Precipitation can occur in various forms, including rain, snow, sleet, and hail. It falls onto the land surface within the drainage basin.

2. Groundwater Inflow: Water can enter a drainage basin from adjacent areas through groundwater flow. This occurs when the water table in an adjacent area is higher than the water table within the drainage basin.

3. Surface Inflow: Surface water from outside the drainage basin can also enter through streams or rivers. This typically happens when the drainage basin is located downstream of another drainage basin.

Outputs:

1. Evaporation: This process involves the conversion of liquid water into water vapor. Evaporation occurs from the surface of water bodies, soil, and plants within the drainage basin.

2. Transpiration: Plants absorb water from the soil through their roots and release it into the atmosphere through their leaves. This process is known as transpiration.

3. Runoff: This refers to the flow of water over the land surface and into streams, rivers, and other water bodies. Runoff occurs when the rate of precipitation or snowmelt exceeds the rate of infiltration into the soil.

4. Infiltration: Infiltration is the process by which water from the surface enters the soil. Infiltrated water can become groundwater or be absorbed by plant roots.

5. Groundwater Outflow: Water can leave a drainage basin through groundwater flow to adjacent areas. This occurs when the water table within the drainage basin is higher than the water table in the adjacent area.

6. Surface Outflow: Surface water can also leave the drainage basin through streams or rivers. This typically happens when the drainage basin is located upstream of another drainage basin.

These inputs and outputs interact and influence the water balance of the drainage basin, affecting the availability and distribution of water resources within the system.