What you'll bring with you on a trip to Machu Picchu depends on what kind of trip you're planning. Campers will want to pack lighter and bring warmer clothing, tents and sleeping bags. Those staying at hostels and going to Machu Picchu on day trips will have more freedom to pack extras. Protect your luggage in transit and in the hotel or hostel by bringing small luggage locks for both your suitcases and/or backpack.
November to mid-April is the wet season, with milder, more uniform temperatures and fewer tourists. Be sure to bring rain gear and waterproof boots during these months, as strong afternoon rain showers are common. Mid-April to October is the dry season in Cusco, with the high season being from June to August. During these months, expect hot days and cooler nights. Bring layers to ensure you're always comfortable; depending on the season, thermal underwear, liners and waterproof or windproof outerwear may be needed. Zip-off pants are a great option when day hiking in the warmer months. Avoid bringing very short shorts or revealing clothing, which can be culturally offensive. Synthetic fabrics dry faster than cotton, making them better choices for T-shirts and underwear if you'll be doing laundry during the trip.
Wear well broken-in hiking boots and wicking hiking socks with sock liners to prevent blisters. Bring waterproof shoes and boots to avoid wet feet.
Sunglasses, sun hats and plenty of sunblock are needed, as the sun's rays are particularly strong in areas of high altitude. Don't forget about your lips, as sunburns here are very painful. Bring lip moisturizers or protective sticks with a high SPF.
Water bottles and water purification tablets are necessary, as Peru's tap water is not suitable for drinking. For hikes and tours, bring granola bars or other energy foods like raisins and trail mix.
If you bring anything that requires batteries, make sure to bring several spares, as they may be difficult to find in local towns or very expensive. Don't forget a first aid kit, including medication for altitude sickness and any prescription medications. Altitude sickness affects many visitors to mountainous regions; ask your doctor about medications that can help relieve the symptoms. Drink plenty of clean, filtered water to help prevent altitude-induced dehydration, which can cause headaches. Carry toilet paper, and zip-close bags to avoid littering, for bathroom emergencies.
Bring U.S. dollars to change into the local currency, but not traveler's checks, which are difficult to change. If you plan to use a credit card, check to make sure it is accepted in Peru, and let your credit card company know you'll be traveling overseas so the charges aren't flagged as fraudulent.
Lastly, don't forget your camera! Bring extra batteries, recharger, any extra lenses you might want, and plenty of film or memory cards.
