You will need a tent, tarp or bivouac sack, a sleeping pad and sleeping bag. An extra piece of closed-cell foam is useful to kneel on while cooking or to use as a "sit-upon."
Pack a compact stove and fuel, a lighter and waterproof matches. A pot or two that fit together will serve as cooking implements and bowls; eating utensils, drinking and measuring cups and pot grippers can be stored inside the pots. A collapsible dromedary (a bag similar to a leather flask) is useful to haul water. pack a thermos for hot drinks.
A general daily estimate for food is 1.5 to 2 pounds per person. Food should be packed in a nylon zippered duffel, on top of anything that could contaminate it, like fuel or soap.
Freeze-dried and dehydrated foods save weight. These include grains, pastas, breads, dried potatoes and dehydrated fruits and vegetables. Pack canned meat, tuna in pouches, dried eggs and milk, cheddar cheese, chocolate and nuts for protein. Dried soups and ramen noodles are lightweight and filling. Powdered drink mixes will mask unpleasant or unfamiliar flavors in the water. Organize your mobile pantry. Measure and pack individual meals in plastic bags, labeled with the ingredients and cooking instructions.
Pack water repellent outer layers, insulating mid-layers and moisture-wicking base layers. Pack one or two pair of thick socks for sleeping only, and extra hiking socks. Finally, include one set of clothing designed to protect you from the worst unplanned conditions.
Camp shoes, foam sandals, light sneakers or down booties give your feet a break in camp from your hiking boots. Walking gaiters (garments that strap over your hiking boots and lower pant leg), will prevent branches and thorns, mud and snow from entering the top of your boot.
Pack a compass and detailed map of the area, as well as a water resistant flashlight or headlamp that includes a storage spot for spare bulbs.
A quality pocket knife and tool kit is a must. Swiss-Army knives are available with various features, and some weigh a half pound, so choose wisely.
Fire starters: You can buy magnesium blocks with striking flint or chemically treated fire sticks. Homemade fire starters can be made from plumber's candles, compressed balls of lint mixed with melted paraffin, strips of waxed cardboard, or egg-cartons filled with mixtures of wax, wood shavings and lint.
Take a few handkerchiefs for head or neck wear, or for use as a dishcloth. You will need a hat, sunglasses and gloves, first-aid kit and a whistle for locating lost hikers or chasing off wildlife. Long-lasting insect repellent or a lightweight bug-netting jacket and pants will be needed in warm weather.
A long nylon poncho can double as a ground cloth or even a shelter, with the corners staked and one or two ends suspended. You can also tote water in it, use it as a pillow, or slip it over your head as a privacy gown while dressing.
