- July 8: Commodore Matthew Perry arrives in Edo Bay with four American warships.
- July 14: Perry meets with Japanese officials in Kurihama and delivers a letter from President Millard Fillmore demanding that Japan open its ports to American trade.
- September 13: Perry leaves Japan with a promise to return the following year.
1854
- February 13: Perry returns to Edo Bay with seven warships.
- March 31: The Convention of Kanagawa is signed, which opens the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade.
- March 31: The United States and Japan sign the Treaty of Peace and Amity, which establishes diplomatic relations between the two countries.