To drive/train from Northern Italy to Switzerland, you must cross the Alps. Key passes:
| Pass | Connects | Elevation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mont Blanc Tunnel | Chamonix (FR) ↔ Courmayeur (IT) | 1,381 m (tunnel) | 11.6 km tunnel, toll, not direct to CH |
| Grand St. Bernard | Aosta (IT) ↔ Martigny (CH) | 2,469 m (road) / tunnel | Historic hospice, dogs. Tunnel open year-round |
| Simplon Pass | Domodossola (IT) ↔ Brig (CH) | 2,005 m (road) / tunnel | Train + car shuttle through tunnel (20 min) |
| Gotthard Pass | Airolo (CH) ↔ Göschenen (CH) — within CH | 2,106 m | North–South CH axis. Tunnel (17 km) bypasses |
| San Bernardino | Bellinzona (CH) ↔ Thusis (CH) — within CH | 2,067 m | East–West CH. Tunnel bypass |
| Splügenpass | Chiavenna (IT) ↔ Splügen (CH) | 2,114 m | Scenic, seasonal (closed winter) |
| Bernina Pass | Tirano (IT) ↔ St. Moritz (CH) | 2,328 m | RhB train (UNESCO), scenic, open year-round |
| Ofenpass / Fuorn Pass | Müstair (IT/CH) ↔ Zernez (CH) | 2,149 m | Swiss National Park access |
| Reschenpass | Nauders (AT) ↔ Mals (IT) — not direct CH | 1,504 m | Via Austria to Engadin |
Matterhorn (4,478 m) — iconic pyramid, Zermatt (CH) / Breuil-Cervinia (IT). Not a pass — but visible from many.