Government of National Unity (GNU): The internationally recognized Government of National Unity (GNU), led by Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Dbeibeh, is based in the capital, Tripoli. It was established in March 2021 as part of a UN-backed peace process aimed at unifying Libya's rival factions. However, its legitimacy is disputed by several groups and factions in the east of the country.
House of Representatives (HoR): The House of Representatives (HoR) is based in the eastern city of Tobruk and is considered a separate legislative body from the Tripoli-based GNU. The HoR was elected in 2014 but its term has been repeatedly extended. It is primarily composed of members affiliated with the Libyan National Army (LNA) led by Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar.
Libyan National Army (LNA): The Libyan National Army (LNA) is a military force led by Field Marshal Khalifa Haftar. It emerged during the 2011 Libyan Civil War and has been a major player in subsequent political conflicts. The LNA controls much of eastern Libya and parts of southern Libya.
Presidential Council: The Presidential Council is a three-member body that was initially part of the UN-backed political agreement in 2015. Its role and composition have evolved over time. Currently, the Presidential Council is based in Tripoli and operates alongside the GNU, primarily focusing on diplomatic and ceremonial functions.
Supreme Council of State (SCS): The Supreme Council of State (SCS) was established as a consultative body under the 2015 political agreement. It is based in Tripoli and is composed of members from various political groups, including those opposed to the LNA.
It's worth noting that the situation in Libya remains fluid, with ongoing political negotiations and international efforts aimed at finding a lasting political solution. The country continues to face challenges related to security, governance, and the reunification of state institutions.