Separation of Powers in Zambia: Constitutional Framework

Zambia's Constitution establishes a tripartite separation of powers:

Key Features

• President elected directly (50%+1 runoff); max two 5-year terms.
• Cabinet appointed by President; responsible to Parliament.
• Judicial independence constitutionally guaranteed; Constitutional Court adjudicates constitutional disputes.
• Checks: Parliamentary oversight (committees, questions, impeachment); judicial review; Auditor General; Anti-Corruption Commission.

In practice, executive dominance has been a recurring concern; civil society and courts push for balance.