Major Oil Refining & Export Hubs in Iran and Saudi Arabia

Both nations operate world-scale refining and shipping complexes.

Iran

• Abadan (Khuzestan): Historic Abadan Refinery (~400 kbpd); major export terminal for crude and products.
• Bandar Abbas (Hormozgan): Refinery (~250 kbpd); strategic Strait of Hormuz port for crude and product exports.

Saudi Arabia

• Ras Tanura (Eastern Province): World's largest integrated refining/export complex (~550 kbpd); massive tanker terminal on Persian Gulf.
• Yanbu (Medina Province): Red Sea complex (~400 kbpd); exports to Europe/Asia via Suez/Red Sea route.

These facilities are critical to global oil supply; both countries are OPEC pillars with spare capacity concentrated here.