Indonesia's Major Lowland Plains (Dataran Rendah)

Indonesia's lowland plains are vital agricultural heartlands formed by tectonic subsidence and volcanic alluviation. The five principal ones are:

1. Sunda Lowland (Dataran Rendah Sunda) – Western Java (Banten, West Java, DKI Jakarta). High fertility; intensive rice/vegetable farming.
2. East Java Lowland (Dataran Rendah Jawa Timur) – Eastern Java. Similar volcanic soils; major rice and sugarcane region.
3. Kalimantan Lowland (Dataran Rendah Kalimantan) – Western Kalimantan (West, Central, South Kalimantan). Peatlands and alluvial plains; oil palm, rice, timber.
4. East Sumatra Lowland (Dataran Rendah Sumatera Timur) – Eastern Sumatra (North Sumatra, Riau). Vast peat swamps and mineral soils; palm oil, rubber, pulpwood plantations.
5. South Sulawesi Lowland (Dataran Rendah Sulawesi Selatan) – Southern Sulawesi (South & West Sulawesi). Rice bowl of eastern Indonesia; extensive irrigation networks.

All face pressures from conversion, drainage, and climate change.