- Industrial and human waste dumped directly into rivers and streams
- Groundwater used extensively for irrigation and industrial purposes, making them vulnerable to contamination
- Poor water management, leading to water shortages and contamination
Air:
- Widespread coal burning, leading to high levels of sulfur and particulate matter
- Increased number of vehicles adding to air pollution
Land:
- Deforestation and loss of habitat due to construction, agricultural, and industrial expansion
- Soil degradation due to overuse of fertilizers and pesticides
- Widespread desertification, particularly in northern and western regions
Marine:
- Overfishing and destructive fishing practices
- Pollution from coastal industries, cities and agricultural runoff.
Deforestation:
- China is the world’s largest importer of timber, much of which is illegally logged
- Deforestation for agricultural expansion, logging and mining operations
Climate Change:
- Rising sea levels, extreme weather events and other effects of global warming, threatening coastal regions, agricultural productivity, and water resources.