- The Al Hajar Mountains are the highest mountain range in Oman, stretching over 500 kilometers (310 miles) along the northern part of the country.
- The range is composed mainly of limestone, sandstone, and shale and is characterized by deep valleys, wadis (dry riverbeds), and towering peaks, including Jabal Shams, the highest mountain in Oman, with an elevation of 3,009 meters (9,872 feet) above sea level.
2. Rub' al Khali (Empty Quarter)
- The Rub' al Khali is a vast desert that covers most of southern Oman and extends into parts of Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and the United Arab Emirates.
- It is the largest sand desert in the world, covering an area of about 650,000 square kilometers (250,000 square miles).
- The desert is characterized by rolling sand dunes, some of which can reach heights of over 300 meters (984 feet).
- The Rub' al Khali is largely uninhabited due to its harsh conditions, including extreme heat, sandstorms, and lack of water.