Latosols: found in areas with a hot and humid climate, such as Santa Isabel and Malaita, developed from the weathering of volcanic rocks and limestone. Latosols are typically deep, well-drained, and have a low nutrient content.
Ferralsols: found in the interior and upland areas, developed from the weathering of metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Ferralsols are typically deep, well-drained, and have a low nutrient content.
Regosols: found in coastal areas and on river terraces, developed from recent alluvial deposits. Regosols are typically shallow, well-drained, and have a low nutrient content.
Plinthosols: found on the coastal plains and in the lowlands, developed from the weathering of iron-rich rocks. Plinthosols are typically deep, poorly drained, and have a high acidity and a low nutrient content.
Histosols: found in swampy areas and on the floodplains of rivers, developed from the accumulation of organic matter. Histosols are typically deep, poorly drained, and have a low nutrient content.