Rome Is a City Within Italy, Not Surrounded by Countries

Rome is not surrounded by any countries. It is the capital city of Italy, located in the Lazio region of central Italy, on the Tiber River, ~24 km (15 mi) inland from the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Italy shares land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, and Slovenia to the north, and enclaves Vatican City and San Marino — but Rome itself is an inland city, not a border entity. Vatican City is an enclave within Rome, but it is a separate sovereign state, not a country surrounding Rome.