Landforms of Northern Europe: Peninsulas, Plains, and Biomes

Scandinavian Peninsula

The Scandinavian Peninsula dominates Northern Europe, encompassing Norway, Sweden, and part of Finland. Its rugged coastline is carved by deep fjords, while the Scandinavian Mountains run along the western edge. The highest peak, Galdhøpiggen in Norway, rises to 2,469 meters (8,097 feet).

Baltic Plain

Stretching from the Baltic Sea to the Ural Mountains, the Baltic Plain features flat, fertile terrain dotted with countless lakes and rivers. The Baltic Sea itself is the world's largest brackish water body, and its largest island, Gotland, lies off Sweden's coast.

Tundra

In the far north, the treeless tundra endures a frigid climate with permafrost and low vegetation. It supports hardy wildlife like reindeer, musk oxen, and polar bears.

Taiga

South of the tundra lies the taiga, a vast coniferous forest belt across the subarctic. Dense with spruce, pine, and fir, it shelters moose, wolves, bears, and lynx.

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