What were the two points of tension between Spain and England during age exploration How did those conflicts affect development New World?

There were two primary points of tension between Spain and England during the Age of Exploration: territorial claims in the New World and religious differences.

1. Territorial Claims:

- Spain had claimed vast territories in the Americas through papal bulls and exploration, leading to conflicts with other European powers, including England, which sought to expand its own colonies.

- For example, in 1493, Pope Alexander VI issued the Treaty of Tordesillas dividing the non-Christian world between Spain and Portugal, granting Spain most of the Americas. This led to conflicts with England as it infringed upon their claims in North America.

2. Religious Differences:

- Spain was a staunchly Catholic nation, while England was undergoing religious reforms, leading to Protestantism and a break with the Catholic Church.

- This religious divide created tensions, particularly as Spain saw Protestantism as a threat to its Catholic monopoly in the Americas. Spain aimed to prevent Protestant influences in its colonies, fearing they could weaken their religious control.

These conflicts affected the development of the New World in several ways:

1. Competition for Resources:

- The territorial disputes and rivalries between Spain and England led to competition for resources and control of trade routes, leading to conflicts and skirmishes between the two powers.

- For instance, English privateers, such as Francis Drake, raided Spanish settlements and ships in the Caribbean, challenging Spain's dominance.

2. Colonization Strategies:

- The different religious beliefs and objectives shaped the colonization strategies of Spain and England. Spain focused on establishing Catholic missions, converting indigenous peoples, and extracting resources.

- England, driven by economic motives, placed more emphasis on establishing profitable colonies and trade rather than religious conversion. This difference influenced the social, cultural, and religious development of their respective colonies.

3. Indigenous Alliances:

- Indigenous groups often sought alliances with one European power to counterbalance the influence of the other.

- For example, in North America, some indigenous nations allied with the English to counter Spanish territorial ambitions, while others allied with the Spanish against English encroachment. These alliances shaped the political and military landscape of the region.

4. Conflict and Exploration:

- Conflicts and competition between Spain and England also fueled further exploration and expansion, as each power sought to gain control of new territories.

- This exploration led to the discovery of new lands, resources, and trade routes, broadening European knowledge and influence across the globe.

Overall, the tensions between Spain and England during the Age of Exploration had a profound impact on the development of the New World, shaping the political, economic, religious, and cultural landscapes of the Americas and beyond.