- San Marino: An enclave surrounded by Italy, located on the Adriatic coast. It has an area of 61 square kilometers and a population of around 33,000. San Marino is known for its medieval architecture, including the Palazzo Pubblico and the Basilica di San Marino.
- Vatican City: An enclave within Rome, the capital of Italy. It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Church and the residence of the Pope. The Vatican City has an area of 0.44 square kilometers and a population of around 800. It is known for famous landmarks like St. Peter's Basilica, the Sistine Chapel, and the Vatican Museums.
