Karla Caves: Ancient Buddhist Rock-Cut Temples Near Lonavala

The **Karla Caves** (often spelled Karle) are a magnificent complex of ancient Buddhist rock-cut cave temples (chaityas and viharas) located near **Lonavala, Maharashtra, India**. Situated on Karli Hill, about 120 km (75 miles) from Mumbai and close to Pune, they are a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India.

Excavated between the **2nd century BCE and 5th century CE** during the Satavahana and Chalukya dynasties, the caves feature the largest chaitya (prayer hall) in India, adorned with intricate carvings, pillars, and a stunning vaulted roof. They represent a pinnacle of early Buddhist architecture and art.