Food Availability
Arctic foxes are opportunistic predators and scavengers, and their diet varies depending on the season and location. In general, they eat small rodents, such as lemmings, voles, and mice. Other animals that arctic foxes eat include birds, eggs, fish, and carrion.
When there is a shortage of food, such as during a lemming population crash, Arctic fox populations decline due to starvation and decreased reproductive success. On the other hand, when there is a lot of food available, Arctic fox populations increase because there are more resources available to support a larger population.
Predation
Arctic foxes are preyed upon by a number of animals, including polar bears, wolves, Wolverines, and golden eagles. When the number of these predators increases, it can cause Arctic fox populations to decline. Conversely, when the number of predators decreases, it can lead to an increase in the Arctic fox population.
Other factors that can affect Arctic fox populations include:
* Climate change: Arctic foxes are adapted to living in cold climates, and climate change could make their habitat less suitable for them.
* Disease: Arctic foxes are susceptible to a number of diseases, including mange and distemper. These diseases can spread quickly through populations, causing population decline.
* Hunting: Arctic foxes are hunted for their fur and for sport. This can also contribute to population decline.
