Landscapes of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras

Physical Geography of the Northern Central American Isthmus

Mexico

• Vast deserts, Sierra Madre ranges, tropical rainforests, extensive Pacific and Gulf coastlines.
• Highest peak: Pico de Orizaba (5,636 m).

Belize

• Low‑lying coastal plain, barrier reef (largest in Western Hemisphere), tropical forests.

Guatemala

• Volcanic highlands (Volcán Tajumulco 4,220 m), Pacific coastal plain, Petén rainforest.

Honduras

• Mountainous interior (Pico Bonito 2,435 m), Caribbean coastal lowlands, Mosquitia rainforest.

Together, these countries showcase a tapestry of mountains, reefs, jungles, and fertile valleys.