Examples of Landforms Around the World

Landforms are natural features shaping Earth's surface. Major types with iconic examples:

Mountains

Mount Everest (Himalayas), Kilimanjaro (Africa), Andes (South America)

Valleys

Grand Canyon (USA), Yosemite Valley (USA), Rhine Valley (Europe)

Plateaus

Tibetan Plateau (Asia), Colorado Plateau (USA), Deccan Plateau (India)

Plains

Great Plains (North America), Amazon Basin (South America), North European Plain

Deserts

Sahara (Africa), Arabian (Middle East), Gobi (Asia)

Canyons

Antelope Canyon (USA), Fish River Canyon (Namibia), Yarlung Tsangpo (Tibet)

Beaches

Copacabana (Brazil), Bondi (Australia), Waikiki (Hawaii)

Volcanic Features

Vesuvius (Italy), Yellowstone Caldera (USA), Kilauea (Hawaii)

Rivers & Lakes

Nile (Africa), Amazon (South America), Baikal (Russia), Superior (North America)

Glaciers & Ice Sheets

Greenland Ice Sheet, Antarctic Ice Sheet, Vatnajökull (Iceland)

Coral Reefs

Great Barrier Reef (Australia), Mesoamerican Reef (Caribbean), Red Sea Reef

Craters & Calderas

Valles Caldera (USA), Pinatubo (Philippines), Meteor Crater (Arizona)

Fjords

Sognefjord (Norway), Milford Sound (NZ), Glacier Bay (Alaska)

Archipelagos

San Juan Islands (USA), Andaman & Nicobar (India), Stockholm Archipelago (Sweden)

Atolls

Bikini (Marshall Islands), Kwajalein (Marshall Islands), Rangiroa (French Polynesia)

Wetlands

Everglades (USA), Pantanal (Brazil), Sundarbans (Bangladesh/India)

Caves

Mammoth Cave (USA), Postojna (Slovenia), Waitomo (NZ)

Sand Dunes

Great Sand Dunes (USA), Erg Chebbi (Morocco), Namib Sand Sea (Namibia)

Volcanic Islands

Hawaii (USA), Santorini (Greece), Easter Island (Chile)

Fjells (Mountain Plateaus)

Hardangervidda, Rondane, Dovre (Norway)

These landforms result from tectonic, erosional, depositional, and volcanic processes over geological time.