1. European Four-lined Snake (Elaphe quatuorlineata): This non-venomous snake is commonly found in various parts of Italy, including the Naples area. It is typically olive-brown in coloration with four yellowish or whitish stripes running along its body.
2. Italian Aesculapian Snake (Zamenis longissimus): Another non-venomous species, the Italian Aesculapian Snake is found in Italy, including the Naples region. It is characterized by a dark gray, grayish-brown, or olive coloration, often with a yellowish belly.
3. Western Whip Snake (Hierophis viridiflavus): The Western Whip Snake, also known as the European Green Whip Snake, is present in Italy and the Naples area. It is non-venomous and primarily greenish or olive-colored with a yellowish belly.
4. Dice Snake (Natrix tessellata): This non-venomous species is widespread in Italy, including Naples. Dice Snakes have gray, brown, or olive coloration with irregular darker spots or patches.
5. European Cat Snake (Telescopus fallax): The European Cat Snake is found in various regions of Italy, including Naples. Although not highly aggressive, it can deliver a venomous bite if provoked or threatened. It has a slender body with a large, triangular head and brown, gray, or olive coloration with darker markings.
6. Montpellier Snake (Malpolon monspessulanus): This venomous snake can be found in southern Europe, including Italy and Naples. It has a stout body with a large, triangular head, and its coloration varies from gray and yellowish to brown or reddish.
7. Viper Asp (Vipera aspis): The Viper Asp is a venomous species found in Italy and the Naples area. It has a triangular head, a robust body, and a grayish, brownish, or reddish coloration with dark zigzag markings running along its back.
It's important to note that while some of these snakes may be potentially venomous, they are not usually aggressive towards humans. If you encounter a snake in the wild, it's best to avoid approaching or disturbing it and give it space to move away. If you are ever bitten by a venomous snake, seek immediate medical attention.