How did the southerners plan to restore old south?

1. The Black Codes: These were a series of laws passed by southern states in the 1860s that restricted the rights of African Americans and sought to keep them in a state of subservience. The Black Codes included restrictions on voting, jury service, property ownership, and education for African Americans.

2. The Ku Klux Klan: This was a terrorist organization that was founded in the South after the Civil War. The KKK used violence and intimidation to suppress the political activities of African Americans and to maintain white supremacy.

3. The Redeemer Movement: This was a political movement in the South that sought to restore white control of southern politics and to undo the gains that African Americans had made during Reconstruction. The Redeemers were successful in overthrowing the Reconstruction governments in the South and in establishing new white-supremacist regimes.

4. The Jim Crow Laws: These were laws passed by southern states in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that segregated African Americans from whites in all aspects of public life. The Jim Crow Laws were upheld by the Supreme Court in the landmark case of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), which established the doctrine of "separate but equal."