The British Mandate for Palestine was a League of Nations mandate that was in effect from 1920 to 1948. The mandate was granted to the United Kingdom after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I.
The British Mandate was charged with establishing a Jewish national home in Palestine, while also respecting the rights of the existing Arab population. This was a difficult balancing act, and the British were never able to fully satisfy either side.
The British Mandate also faced opposition from the Arab nationalist movement, which was growing in strength during this period. The Arabs were opposed to the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine, and they launched a series of attacks against Jewish settlements and British forces.
The conflict between the Jews and the Arabs ultimately led to the end of the British Mandate. In 1947, the United Nations voted to partition Palestine into two states, one Jewish and one Arab. The Jewish state was to be called Israel.
The Arabs rejected the partition plan, and civil war broke out in Palestine. The British withdrew from Palestine in 1948, and the State of Israel was declared.
