The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in northwestern Europe. It is made up of four constituent countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The UK is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government. The head of state is the reigning monarch, currently King Charles III. The capital and largest city is London, and other major cities include Edinburgh, Glasgow, Cardiff, and Belfast.
The total area of the United Kingdom is 242,495 km2 (93,628 sq mi). It is the 80th-largest country by land area and the 21st-most populous country, with a population of over 66 million people. The UK has a diverse and developed economy, with a GDP of $3.2 trillion in 2018, making it the fifth-largest national economy in the world.
The United Kingdom is a member of the European Union (EU) and the Commonwealth of Nations. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and a leading member of NATO. The UK has a long and rich history, and its culture and language have influenced many other countries around the world.
Here is a more detailed breakdown of the four constituent countries of the United Kingdom:
England is the largest and most populous country in the UK. It is located on the island of Great Britain and makes up the majority of the island. England is known for its vibrant cities, such as London, Manchester, Birmingham, and Liverpool, as well as its historic landmarks, such as Stonehenge and the Tower of London.
Scotland is located in the northern third of the island of Great Britain. Scotland is known for its rugged natural scenery, including the Highlands, Lowlands, and Islands, as well as its rich cultural traditions, such as bagpipes and tartan.
Wales is located in the western part of the island of Great Britain. Wales is known for its beautiful coastline, rolling hills, and picturesque villages, as well as its strong sense of national identity and its unique language, Welsh.
Northern Ireland is located in the northeastern part of the island of Ireland. Northern Ireland is known for its political and religious tensions, as well as its stunning natural beauty, including the Giant's Causeway and the Mourne Mountains.
