Great Britain: Ceded its 13 colonies on the Atlantic Coast, along with Florida, in the 1783 Treaty of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War.
France: Ceded the vast Louisiana Territory, comprising much of the central and western United States, in the 1803 Louisiana Purchase.
Spain: Ceded Florida in 1819 through the Adams-Onís Treaty, also gaining East Florida from the United Kingdom.
Mexico: Ceded the territories that now comprise California, Nevada, Utah, parts of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, following the Mexican-American War.