Finland is a parliamentary republic. Executive power is shared between the President (head of state) and the Prime Minister (head of government).
President: Directly elected for a six-year term (max two terms). Responsible for foreign policy (in cooperation with the government), commander-in-chief of the Defence Forces, and appoints the Prime Minister and judges. The current president (as of 2024) is Alexander Stubb, elected in 2024. (Previous: Sauli Niinistö, 2012–2024.)
Prime Minister: Appointed by Parliament, leads the cabinet (Council of State), sets domestic and EU policy. The current PM is Petteri Orpo (since June 2023), leading a coalition of National Coalition, Finns Party, Swedish People's Party, and Christian Democrats.
Parliament (Eduskunta): Unicameral, 200 members, elected every four years by proportional representation. It holds supreme legislative power.
Finland consistently ranks among the world's most stable, transparent, and well-governed democracies.