What are the modern bridge designs?

- Consists of suspended cables supported by towers.

- The weight of the deck and traffic is carried by the cables.

- Famous examples: Golden Gate Bridge, Akashi Kaikyo Bridge.

Cable-Stayed Bridge:

- Similar to suspension bridges but utilize cables directly connected to the deck.

- Shorter towers compared to suspension bridges, reducing construction complexity.

- Examples: Ting Kau Bridge, Rion-Antirion Bridge.

Arch Bridge:

- Employs arched structures to transfer the weight of the deck and traffic to the foundations.

- Can span long distances without intermediate support.

- Famous examples: Sydney Harbour Bridge, New River Gorge Bridge.

Box Girder Bridge:

- Consists of a hollow, rectangular structure called a box girder that supports the deck.

- Provides structural strength and resistance to bending and torsion.

- Examples: Millau Viaduct, Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel.

Truss Bridge:

- Utilizes a series of interconnected triangles (trusses) to support the deck.

- Efficient and cost-effective for medium-span bridges.

- Notable examples: Forth Bridge, Tower Bridge.

Cantilever Bridge:

- Employs cantilevered arms that extend from the piers to support the deck.

- Suitable for bridging rivers or valleys with minimal central support.

- Examples: Quebec Bridge, Forth Cantilever Bridge.

Extradosed Bridge:

- Combines features of both cable-stayed and box girder designs.

- Has a continuous deck with extradosed cables providing additional support.

- Offers aesthetic appeal and structural efficiency.

- Notable examples: Rio-Niterói Bridge, Sutong Yangtze River Bridge.

Movable Bridge:

- Designed to move or retract to accommodate various situations.

- Common types include bascule bridges, drawbridges, and lift bridges.

- Facilitates navigation, especially on waterways with dense marine traffic.

- Examples: Tower Bridge, Chicago River Bridges.