The captain was the overall commander of the ship and its crew. He was responsible for making all decisions, including giving orders, setting sail, and charting the course. The captain also had the authority to punish crew members who disobeyed orders.
Master
The master was the second-in-command of the ship. He was responsible for assisting the captain and carrying out his orders. The master also had the authority to give orders to the crew in the captain's absence.
Pilot
The pilot was responsible for navigating the ship. He used a compass, a map, and other instruments to determine the ship's position and to plot its course.
Boatswain
The boatswain was responsible for the maintenance and upkeep of the ship. He also oversaw the loading and unloading of cargo and the rigging of the sails.
Carpenter
The carpenter was responsible for repairing the ship's hull, decks, and other wooden structures. He also built new furniture and other items for the ship.
Cooper
The cooper was responsible for making and repairing barrels and other wooden containers. He also made casks for storing water, wine, and other liquids.
Sailmaker
The sailmaker was responsible for making and repairing the ship's sails. He also made flags, pennants, and other cloth items.
Gunner
The gunner was responsible for the ship's artillery. He loaded and fired the guns and also stored and maintained the ammunition.
Surgeon
The surgeon was responsible for the medical care of the crew. He treated injuries and illnesses and also performed surgeries.
Cook
The cook was responsible for preparing meals for the crew. He also baked bread and other pastries.
Cabin Boy
The cabin boy was the youngest member of the crew. He was responsible for cleaning the ship, running errands, and helping the other crew members.