How do sand dunes affect beaches?

- Beach protection: Sand dunes act as natural barriers that protect beaches from erosion caused by waves, storms, and tidal surges. They help to dissipate the energy of the waves before they reach the beach, reducing the amount of sand that is washed away.

- Habitat creation: Sand dunes provide habitats for a variety of plants and animals, including dune vegetation, insects, and birds. These habitats are important for supporting biodiversity and maintaining the health of the beach ecosystem.

- Recreation: Sand dunes are popular recreational areas for activities such as hiking, sunbathing, and sandboarding. They can generate income and employment through tourism and beach-related activities.

Negative impacts:

- Beach access: In some cases, sand dunes can limit access to the beach, making it difficult for people to reach the shoreline. This can be a problem for people with disabilities or those who are carrying heavy equipment.

- Sand movement: Sand dunes are dynamic and can change shape and location over time. This movement can disrupt beach activities and infrastructure, such as beach houses and roads.

- Environmental damage: If not managed properly, sand dunes can be damaged by human activities, such as off-road vehicle use, littering, and vegetation removal. This can lead to erosion and loss of habitat, which can negatively impact the beach and the surrounding environment.

Overall, sand dunes have both positive and negative impacts on beaches. It is important to manage and protect them in a way that minimizes the negative impacts and maximizes the benefits they provide.