What are ways that humans affect the Boreal Forest?

- Commercial logging operations

- Conversion of forest land for agriculture, mining, and urban development

Pollution

- Acid deposition from industrial activities and vehicle emissions

- Deposition of heavy metals and other contaminants from industrial activities and mining operations

Climate Change

- Rising temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns

- Increased frequency of wildfires

Fragmentation

- Construction of roads, pipelines, and other linear infrastructure

- Fragmentation reduces habitat connectivity and can impede the movement of species

Hunting and Over-exploitation

- Hunting of furbearers and other wildlife

- Over-harvesting of non-timber forest products, such as berries, mushrooms, and plants

Introduction of Invasive Species

- Introduction of non-native plants and animals that compete with native species for resources

Mining and Oil Extraction

- Surface mining, open-pit mining, and oil extraction can result in habitat destruction, contamination of soil and water, and other environmental impacts

Tourism and Recreation

- Unmanaged tourism and recreational activities can damage vegetation, disturb wildlife, and contribute to pollution