- Water Supply: The Tiber River offered an abundant water source for daily needs, drinking, irrigation, transport, and defense.
- Land fertility: The soil in the Tiber Valley was fertile, making it suitable for agriculture.
- Hill Protection: The neighboring seven hills provided natural protection from floods, enemies, and winds.
- Central Location: The location was geographically favorable for trade and communication with neighboring regions.
2. Historical Factors:
- History of Settlement: The area had a long history of settlement, with traces dating back to the 9th-10th centuries BCE.
- Religious and Cultural Significance: In ancient times, the Tiber River was considered sacred, which enhanced its appeal for early settlements.